https://www.youtube.com/embed/rVDyM4PC0GI
welcome to episode 6 of about our world today'' s video clip is our first species profile today we'' re looking at elephants Things initial my preferred animal is the african elephant and i love elephants as an entire elephants are the biggest land pets alive today the african bush elephant being the biggest at 24 feet long 11 feet tall at the shoulder as well as weighing up to 13 thousand pounds there are two category of elephants active today l'' occidanta the african elephants as well as elephants the eastern elephants within those category there are 2 distinct varieties of african elephant the african bush elephant secures it onto africana and also the african forest elephant secures it onto cyclotis there is one types of eastern elephant alphys maximus within that varieties there are four species of oriental elephant the sri lankan elephant elephant maximus maximus the indian elephant elephant'' s maximus indicus the sumatran elephant elvis maximus sumatranus as well as the borneo elephant also called the bornean pygmy elephant alphys maximus borniensis elephants are as specified in the last video some of the most intelligent creatures active today african and also oriental elephants are extremely various for one the trunks elephants have fingers at the end of their trunks these are used to boost mastery when picking up and also holding things african elephants have 2 fingers while eastern elephants only have one their ears are additionally various an african elephant'' s ears can on ordinary expand up to be two meters by 1.5 meters in dimensions nonetheless an oriental elephant'' s ears will just get to measurements of 1.8 meters by 1.5 meters at optimum the african varieties have extra wrinkled skin as they reside in a drier atmosphere as well as likewise have tusks always present in both sexes whereas women are much less most likely to have tusks in eastern elephants the tale of just how women asian elephants with tusks began to decrease is an archetype of observable natural option in oriental elephants tusklessness is a sex-linked recessive quality meaning the alleles for the quality lie in the x or y chromosomes for more information on genetics and also how alleles and genetics work click the web link in the cards above or the initial link in the summary for a video from accident program for the genetics that shares tusks the y chromosome always lugs the dominant allele as bull elephants need tusks to battle various other bulls for access to mating legal rights however ladies just need tusks to protect their calf from predators as a result of this women have a recessive allele on their x chromosome which reveals testlessness if a recessive allele from a male and a recessive allele from a female are passed down to the offspring it will certainly be a tusles women but also if one dominant allele is passed down or a y chromosome is given the offspring will certainly have tusks currently to the all-natural option component of it since poaching started in asia there has been an increase in tuskless ladies since poachers will just eliminate elephants that have tusks a tuskless female is more probable to replicate and give her genetics this indicates that the male'' s x chromosomes are more probable to include the recessive allele and also many ladies bring the recessive allele in both x chromosomes that is natural choice in its purest type the modification in allele regularities in a population over successive generations the allele frequency of the recessive allele transformed from low regularity to high frequency over succeeding generations elephants are certainly animals yet what kind of creatures initially they'' re placentals meaning they don ' t too soon give birth to a joey who lives in the mommy'' s bag like a marsupial and also they put on'' t lay eggs like a monitoring are they carefully pertaining to other pachyderms like rhinos no elephants in fact belong to a clade called aphrotheria which is believed to be the earliest of the placentals who branched off from the remainder around 110 million years ago this was when africa split off from the incredibly continent gondwana which included africa southern america as well as australasia this left the animals in africa iceland perfect for loading brand-new particular niches in africa'' s no uncertainty changing climate for the following 100 million years the afrothere'' s are composed of the proboscideans or elephants tenreks aardvarks xenothrin such as sloths ant eaters and also armadillos gold moles elephant shrews hyraxes as well as serenians such as manatees as well as dugongs of those elephants are most very closely pertaining to serenians hyraxes and tenrex yet you didn'' t desire to hear me talk regarding elephant footwear you want me to discuss mammoths right no well i intend to speak about them so obtain prepared first you could be asking how did proboscideans obtain to eurasia and also north america if they stem in africa the response is easy the middle east the center east connects the entirety of the old world which is africa asia and also europe implying the pro-basidians had the ability to move to eurasia this occurred around 22 million years ago at the start of the maya scene epoch they had the ability to move to north america making use of a land bridge connecting russia to alaska which explodes itself when sea levels were lowered regarding 20 000 years earlier throughout the top stage of the pleistocene date throughout this time proboscidians took numerous remarkable sizes and shapes like the shovel jawed plasti bellidon the contemporary elephant-looking paleoloxodon the ft tusked gompather the american mastodon the iconic mammoths and also the elephantids these days now i can make a whole video on mammoths but i'' ll maintain it short because this video clip is currently long as it is mammoths are several of my preferred elephantids my fave obviously being the african bush elephant and there are so many great points concerning them there was the colossal colombian monstrous which was the largest mammoth the renowned woolly monstrous which was covered in a floor covering of fur and the network island'' s pygmy mammoths who came to be a fraction of the dimension of their colombian massive forefathers i could speak about their colossal 2.5 meter lengthy rounded tusks or concerning the truth that the last making it through mammoths were having a genetic crisis while the pyramids of giza were being built however i won'' t because the most appealing monstrous fact i understand is this contemporary oriental elephants are more closely related to mammoths than they are to african elephants i'' ll see you later you
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