elephants navigate by remembering the location of landmarks they embark on long treks often in search of water crisscrossing an area of up to 500 square kilometers 190 square miles in botswana during the dry season from june to october elephants leave the wilting savannas and head for water sources that do not dry up completely each herd is led by a matriarch the oldest and wisest female for it is she who remembers the traditional roots and recognizes the relevant milestones they move at speeds of four to five kilometers per hour 2.5 to 4 miles per hour along elephant roads well-worn paths as straight as any roman road the elephants return in the rainy seasons from october to december and march to june you.
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